Edward Schaefer is a professor in the Graduate School of Humanities and Science at Ochanomizu University, where he teaches courses in Teaching Methodology, Second Language Acquisition, Academic Writing, and Language Testing, as well as EFL courses such as English Composition, Advanced English, and English Conversation. Professional and research interests include second language writing, and the use of Rasch measurement to evaluate rater behavior in performance assessment, such as speaking and writing tests. Some publications are:

• Schaefer, E. (in press). Identifying rater types among native English-speaking raters of English essays written by Japanese university students (In Ardyadoust, V. & Fox, J. Current trends in language testing in the Pacific Rim and The Middle East: Policies, analyses, and diagnoses. Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars Publishing).
• Farrokhi F., Esfandiari, R., & Schaefer, E. (2012). A many-facet Rasch measurement of differential rater severity/leniency in three types of assessment. JALT Journal, 34(1), 79-102.
• Schaefer. E. (2008). Rater bias patterns in an EFL writing assessment. Language Testing 25(4), 463-492.

Education
Ed.D., Temple University