Japan Federation
of Bar Associations
(March 1990)
Chapter I. Outline of Ethics
Article 1. (Awareness of Mission)
Article 2. (Freedom and Independence)
Article 3. (Protection of the Independence of the Judicial System)
Article 4. (Fairness and Good Faith)
Article 5. (Maintenance of Credibility)
Article 6. (Familiarity with Laws, Rules, etc.)
Article 7. (Discovery of Truth)
Article 8. (Maintenance of Integrity)
Article 9. (Mental Attitude toward Criminal Defense)
Chapter II. General Discipline
Article 10. (Advertisement)
Article 11. (Solicitation of Prospective Client)
Article 12. (Cooperation with a Person Who is Not an Attorney)
Article 13. (Compensation for Referral of Client)
Article 14. (Promotion of Unlawful Conduct)
Article 15. (Participation in Degrading Business)
Article 16. (Assignment of Right to the Subject Matter)
Article 17. (Supervision of Office Staff)
Chapter IlI. Discipline in Relation to Clients
Article 18 (Freedom and Independence in Relation to Clients)
Article 19. (Realization of a Client's Legitimate Interest)
Article 20. (Maintenance of Confidentiality)
Article 21. (Notification of Whether or Not to Take a Matter)
Article 22. {Taking a Matter with Poor Chance of Success)
Article 23. (Guarantee of Beneficial Result)
Article 24. (Taking a Illegitimate Matter)
Article 25. (Notification of Special Relation)
Article 26. (Matters Which May Not Be Handled)
Article 27 (A Matter Which May Not Be Handled Due to a Relation with Another
Attorney or His or Her Client)
Article 28. (Learning of Conflict After Taking a Matter)
Article 29 (Clarification of an Objective of a Matter)
Article 30. (Proceeding with a Matter)
Article 31. (Reporting Progress of a Matter)
Article 32. (Possibility of Conflict of Interests)
Article 33 (Conflict of Opinion Between Attorneys)
Article 34. (When an Attorney and a Client Lose Confidence in One Another)
Article 35. (Instruction of Legal Aid System)
Article 36. (Clear Statement of Fee)
Article 37. (Reasonable Fee)
Article 38. (Fee for a Public Defender)
Article 39. (Switch To a Private Defender)
Article 40. (Settlement of Money and Other Valuables)
Article 41 (Loan Between an Attorney and a Client)
Article 42 (Dispute With a Client)
Chapter IV. Discipline in Relation to Other Attorneys
Article 43 (Respect of Honor)
Article 44 (Entrapping Another Attorney)
Article 45 (Honoring Fiduciary Relationship)
Article 46 (Cooperation with Another Attorney)
Article 47 (Participation of Another Attorney)
Article 48 (Intervention with Another Matter)
Article 49 (Direct Negotiation with the Opposite Party)
Article 50 (Dispute Among Attorneys)
Chapter V. Discipline in Relation to Opposite Party
Article 51 (Deriving Benefit From the Opposite Party)
Article 52 (Giving Benefit to the Opposite Party)
Chapter VI. Discipline in Relation to Court Cases
Article 53 (Fair Trial and Proper Procedure)
Article 54 (Enticement of Perjury)
Article 55 (Delay in Judicial Proceedings)
Article 56 (Personal Relation with Judge)
Article 57 (Advertisement of Personal Relations)
Chapter VII. Discipline in Relation to Bar Association
Article 58 (Observance of the Practicing Attorney Law, etc.)
Article 59 (Handling the Entrusted Matter) Matter)
Chapter VIII. Discipline in Relation to Government Authorities
Article 60 (Matters Referred by Government Authorities)
Article 61 (Limitation in Acceptance of Referrals)
For further information, see article by Toshiro Nishimura
(translation by Vicki L. Beyer)